Planner: decomposes a high-level goal into subtasks, creates an execution plan.

Planner: decomposes a high-level goal into subtasks, creates an execution plan. Doesn't execute. Executor: carries out individual subtasks — calls tools, writes output. No high-level planning. Critic: reviews executor output against the goal — identifies errors or missing steps, feeds back to planner or executor for correction. This pattern is used in AutoGen and similar frameworks for higher-quality autonomous task completion.